SIGHTSEEING TOURS, EXCURSIONS IN KERCH, UKRAINE. KERCH TOURISM AND TRAVELS
26 centuries ago the local Bosporan Kingdom was, to antique measures, quite big and strong state. Its treasures are exposed now in the Hermitage and in the British museum.
Panticapaeum - Miletus colony was based in VI century on Taurian peninsula at Kerch strait. It was an antique city; the predecessor of Kerch was capital of the Bosporan Kingdom. The city had good harbor and significant trade. The rests of defensive constructions, houses, public buildings funeral crypts, etc., still exist.
Adzhimushkaiskie stone quarries near Kerch are one of the most drama monuments of the Great domestic war. From a communal grave of guerrillas of 1919 on the east stretches a hollow which southern part is clearly allocated with bulks of rocks, swelling by explosions of huge force. The Big (central) stone quarries here begin. To the north from a hollow there are Small stone quarries. The stele with an inscription is on their surface of Adzhimushkaiskie stone quarries, that in these stone quarries at the end of 1941 the guerrilla group has battled against fascist aggressors. There is well “sweet water” at the beginning of a hollow, during fighting activity of garrison being in an initial source of water supply. 170 days and nights soldiers of underground garrison have battled. Heroic defense of Adzhimushkaiskie stone quarries is unprecedented feat of the Soviet soldiers during Great Domestic war. In 1989 on place Adzhimushkaiskie stone quarries the monument has been opened. Here in the summer of 1942 2269 inhabitants and Soviet prisoners of war were shot. Stratum in which underground labyrinths are cut through is grey porous Kerch limestone; it anywhere does not meet any more. Catacombs are a monument of technology of extraction of a building stone of antique and medieval time. In such conditions the Christianity arose, there are evidences of that in catacombs of Kerch Christians have appeared in 2nd century A.D.
From top of the mountain Mithridates in Kerch two grey hills are well visible. These are well-known Melek-Chesmenskiy and Tsar Barrows. Inside Barrows stone crypts are. Both of monuments were built, presumably, in second half of IV century B.C.
At excavation of the Tsar Barrow a burial place in a tomb did not appear: it has been plundered in an antiquity. However, by its size and impressiveness, it was the funeral of Bosporan Tsar Levkon of dynasty Spartokidi (389-349 B.C.). In the sizes this barrow considerably surpasses Melek-Chesmenskiy: the height of it is 17 meters, length of a circle 260, and diameter of 80 meters. The laying of the arch of a barrow - ideally equal circles combined from stone plates is unique. Cinematographers find their very much suitable for unearthly architecture. Near the Imperial barrow it is possible to watch also lapidarius - diverse assembly of antique antiquities: steles, sarcophagi, pedestals.
The Melek-Chesmenskiy barrow (IV century B.C.) is located in the central part of Kerch, in territory of city bus station. The Melek-Chesmenskiy barrow is a monument of funeral architecture of the period of blossoming of the Bosporan Kingdom. Local aristocracy built such monumental crypts-tombs to themselves. The barrow has received the name from the small river, proceeding beside - Melek-Chesma, that means “the Imperial small river” (on Turkic). The monument consists of the funeral room and the corridor (dromos) that leads in the funeral room. The corridor is faced with smooth polished blocks. Vertical height of the dromos wall is 2 meters. The overlapping consists of three lines of plates laying, hanging one above another. The center of the arch is closed with one plate. Dromos passes in the higher funeral room: connection of its arch with overlapping of the funeral room is made with the big skill. The height of a tomb in dromos is 3 m., in the funeral room - 4 m. Connection of the pyramidal arch of the funeral room with the arch of dromos is formed by means of two projections in the ranks of the plates closing from the second lines and three projections of a ceiling, gradually towering in process of its approach to the funeral room. Kurgan was open on December, 15, 1858 by director of the Kerch museum of antiquities of named after A.E.Ljutsenko.
The unique Kerch temple - Ioann Predtechi's (John the Baptist) church - one of the monuments of architecture saved since the period of blossoming of Tmutarakanskogo princedom (X-XI centuries). The church represents graceful a tetra cress-dome temple with a unique dome on a high base. Massive walls are made of the alternating strips consisting from white stone blocks and a red brick. The combination of various forms gives the temple originality and sharpness. Ioann Predtechi's church is an outstanding product of architecture. Some features peculiar to it are traced in Old Russian churches.